2016年江西成考专升本英语考试复习笔记19(3)

来源:
江西成考网
发布日期
2017年04月19日

摘要:  非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和分词。否定形式在前面加not.   (一)不定式:to +动词原形   简单句中如果已经有一个动词做谓语,那么再有一个动词就要在这个动词前加to做不定式。不定式在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语等。   To see is to believe.(眼见为实)   有时用it做形式主语,真正的主语放在句子最后。   It only took us a year to finish the work.   Once you get into the

do a bit of good.

  在某些形容词如kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, considerate, rude, naughty, impolite等作表语时,用of引导短语。

  It’s kind of you to let me use your dictionary.

  It’s unwise of them to turn down the proposal.(turn down 拒绝)

  It’s very nice of you to attend our party tonight.

  3、不定式的完成式、进行式、被动式

  当不定式所表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生时,不定式要用完成式: to have +过去分词;当不定式的动作与谓语所表示的动作同时发生时,不定式要用进行时:to be+现在分词;当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式要用被动式:to be+过去分词。完成式意味着不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前,如果是进行时意味着不定式的动作和谓语动作同时发生,当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式要用被动式。

  I’m sorry to have given you so much trouble.

  I meant to have told you about it, but I forgot to do so.

  They seemed to be satisfied with the result.

  This is the day not to be forgotten.

  He wanted the letter to be typed at once.

  They seem to be getting along quite well.

  He pretended to be sleeping when his mother came in.

  在有些结构中,不定式的逻辑主语虽然是不定式所表示的动作的承受者,不定式仍用主动形式

  We have a lot of work