江西成人高考高起点英语复习笔记十(2)

来源:
江西成考网
发布日期
2017年04月19日

摘要:  虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议,而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示,对虚拟语气在各种句式中的用法介绍如下:   A)、条件从句的虚拟语气   条件从句的谓语动词 主句的谓语动词 与现在事实相反 be---were/ 动词---过去式 would/ should/ might/ could + do 与过去事实相反 过去完成式 would/ should/ might/ could + have done 与将来事实相反 were to/ sh

had time then (=Had I had time then),I would have gone with you.

  c.与将来相反:If I were to visit/should visit/visited the Great Wall tomorrow,(=Were I to /Should I visit the Great Wall tomorrow),I would take my son with me.

  注意:在否定句中not不可提至主语前,如:

  (误)Weren't I here now,I would be in the bus.

  (正)Were I not here now,I would be in the bus.

  b)、without 可以代替条件从句

  Eg.没有水和空气,我们就不能生存。

  We would not live without water or air.

  c)、混合虚拟条件句

  如果条件从句的动作和主句的动作不是同时发生,主句和从句的谓语动词的形式应分别根据各自所表示的 时间加以调整。这种句子叫做混合虚拟条件句。如:

  If he had followed my advice,he would be quite all rightnow.(从句述说过去,主句述说现在)

  If China had not been liberated,the working people wouldstill be leading a miserable life.( 从句表示与过去的事实相反,主句说明与现在的事实相反)

  d)省略主句,只保留if(only)的条件句

  虚拟条件句中的表示结果的主句有时形式上可以省略,但意义仍然存在。这

  种句子只保留一个if(only)条 件从句,表达说话人的强烈愿望。如:If(only)she

  were my sister!她是我的妹妹就好了!

  e)用but或but for引导含蓄条件句(but后跟从句,but for后跟短语:假如没有,要不是)

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